قبيلة مغربية في قلب السودان.. وسودانيون يحملون الدم المغربي!

يبدو أن التاريخ سيظل يذكر للمغرب والمغاربة حضورهم القوي في مختلف البلاد الإسلامية، عبر التاريخ، بحيث امتد تواجدهم إلى أقاصي الأرض، في زمن لم تكن به وسائل التنقل غير التي نعيشها اليوم؛ إلا أن ذلك لم يحل دون الإنسان المغربي ورغبته في تبليغ رسالة علم وحب وسلام بعدد من دول المعمور، وهو ما جعل بلدا كالسودان يحتضن تجمعا سكانيا مهما (قبيلة) تحمل اسم المغاربة.

سودانيون يحملون الدم المغربي

أن يكون هناك تواجد لبعض الجاليات في بعض الدول فهذا ما لا يدعو إلى كثير من الاستغراب، لكن أن يصبح تواجد جالية معينة في شكل قبيلة بالدولة المضيفة، فهذا ما يدعو، ليس فقط إلى الاستغراب، لكن إلى عديد من الأسئلة التي تجعل مغاربة هاجروا إلى بلاد السودان يستطيعون تأسيس قبيلة خاصة بهم، ويصبحون سودانيين بدم مغربي.

ويستغرب زوار السودان وخاصة زوار العاصمة الخرطوم من وجود سوادانيين من أصل مغربي، إلا أن أن حالة الاستغراب هذه سرعان ما تتبدد، حينما يعلم الوافد إلى هذه الربوع، أن هناك قبيلة تحمل اسم “قبيلة المغاربة”، لها مكانة مرموقة وصيت ذائع داخل المجتمع السوداني، بفضل الاحترام والتقدير الكبير الذي تحظى به، بالنظر إلى أن الوافدين الأوائل من المغاربة، قدموا إلى هذا البلد بغية نشر الدين الإسلامي وبالخصوص ما يعرف بالإسلام الصوفي.

وفي هذا السياق سبق لكامل عبد الماجد، المستشار في المجلس الوطني السوداني، (وكان محافظا سابقا في عدد من محافظات السودان)، وأحد المنتسبين لقبيلة المغاربة بالسودان، أن صرح لوكالة الأنباء المغربية، بأن “أسلافنا المغاربة أتوا منذ حوالي 500 أو 550 عاما إلى السودان لنشر الإسلام، قادمين من عدة مناطق بالمغرب، خاصة من فاس، ولعل ذلك ما يفسر القول المأثور عند أهل السودان “فاس اللي ما وراها ناس”، اعتقادا منهم بأن فاس لا توجد وراءها يابسة.

وبحسب هذا السوداني ذي الأصول المغربية فإن أغلب هؤلاء الوافدين كانوا من علماء الدين ورجالات التصوف، وعندما دخلوا إلى أرض السودان استقر بعضهم قرب شواطئ النيل الأبيض في منطقة تسمى (حريدانة)، في حين استقر الكثير منهم بمنطقة شرق النيل (تقع مباشرة شرق الخرطوم بحري).

قبيلة مغربية في قلب السودان !
يوجد المنتسبون لقبيلة المغاربة بكثرة في شمال منطقة “المناقل”، التي تسمى منطقة غرب الجزيرة، حيث تنتشر القبيلة في 36 قرية. كما يوجد البعض منهم في وادي مدني، ثاني حواضر السودان، ومنتشرون في قرى تقع في منطقة الجزيرة من قبيل قرية (كعويرة)، بالإضافة إلى قرية اسمها “المغاربة”، مما يدل على أنهم كلهم مغاربة، بمعنى أن انتشارها شمل حيزا جغرافيا صغيرا؛ حيث قلما تجد أفرادا من القبيلة وسط أو غرب أو جنوب البلاد، خلافا للقبائل الأخرى المنتشرة بمختلف أرجاء السودان.

أما المعاقل الحقيقية لقبيلة المغاربة بالسودان، فتأتي في مقدمتها قرية “الشيخ الأمين ولد بلة” (حوالي80 كلم شرق الخرطوم)، التي تحمل اسم أحد أحفاد الشيخ سيدي أحمد زروق أبو المغاربة السودانيين، دفين مدينة مصراتة على الحدود الليبيةـالمصرية، فضلا عن قرى أخرى مثل سوبا الشرقية ودار السلام والهلالية (شرق النيل باتجاه الجنوب)، وتبقى قرية (محراز) من بين أكبر هذه المعاقل.

وإذا كان عدد القبائل في السودان يفوق الـ600، فإن قبيلة المغاربة هي الوحيدة على الإطلاق التي تحمل اسم الجهة أو البلاد التي أتت منها، وهو معطى لا تنعم به قبائل أخرى تحمل أسماء عادية كقبيلة الكواهلة والعركيين والرفاعة والشكرية، بحيث تنفرد “قبيلة المغاربة”، بالاحتفاظ باسم الجهة التي قدمت منها.

ورغم أنها من القبائل المتوسطة في السودان، لا يتعدى عدد أفرادها مليون نسمة على أبعد تقدير، كما يقول كامل عبد الماجد، فإن قبيلة المغاربة، التي ظلت منحصرة في مساحة ضيقة، بقيت منفتحة على محيطها المباشر وتفاعلت معه وأنجبت العديد من الرموز الذين أثروا في حياة أهل السودان، بمن فيهم السفراء والوزراء والأساتذة الجامعيون، خاصة أن أبناءها ارتادوا التعليم النظامي من مدارس وجامعات منذ انطلاقه بالسودان.

وإذا كان أبناء قبيلة المغاربة يعتزون بأصولهم المغربية ويفتخرون بها، كما تشير إلى ذلك مصادر سودانية، فإن حَنينهم إلى بلدهم الأصلي يبقى حنينا مستداما، فغالبا ما يتحدثون عن جذورهم في المغرب، وإذا سافر الفرد منهم إلى المغرب فإن أول ما يسأل عنه من قبل أفراد القبيلة فور عودته “هل وجدت أهلا لنا هناك من سلالة أحمد زروق المغربي؟” و”هل سألت عن أجدادك هناك؟”.

ويؤكد السودانيون أن الاستقبال الذي تخصصه هذه القبيلة لأهل المغرب حينما يزورنا السودان يكون حارا، حيث تمتزج فيه حرارة اللقاء بالتكبير والتهليل، ويعم الفرح والحب كلما ذُكر اسم المغرب فتُقام طقوس الكرم والاستقبال وحسن الوفادة من نصب للخيام الضخمة وذبائح وقرع على طبل “النحاس”، الذي لا يستعمل إلا في مناسبات ثلاث؛ أولاها قدوم ضيف عزيز، وثانيتها عودة شيخ القبيلة سالما من مهمة وآخرها وفاة واحد من علية القوم.

ولازال السودانيون والمغاربةن على حد سواء، يتذكرون تلك الكلمة الطيبة النابعة من إنسان هذا البلد الطيب، والمعبرة عما يختلج السرائر من مشاعر محبة وأحاسيس جياشة، عكست في مجملها فرحة الحشود التي توافدت على قرية “الشيخ الأمين”، من كل حدب وصوب، أثناء استقبال الاحتفال بالخرطوم عاصمة للثقافة العربية سنة 2005، حيث أبى زعيم هذه القرية الشيخ الطيب الغزالي (عضو المجلس الوطني السوداني) إلا أن يقيم مأدبة كبيرة على شرف الوفد الثقافي المغربي، حضرها عدد كبير من أفراد القبيلة وأعيانها (أزيد من600 شخص)، بمن فيهم الدكتور غازي صلاح الدين العتابني المستشار لدى رئاسة الجمهورية.

وعكست الكلمات والقصائد التي ألقيت بالمناسبة ترقب أفراد القبيلة الطويل لقدوم المغاربة والفرحة العارمة التي غمرت أفرادها وهم يحتفون بهذا اللقاء، حيث جادت قريحة كامل عبد الماجد بقصيدة مطلعها:

“أتى أهلي فأشرقت الديار وغرد في دواخلنا الفخار؛

بنو عمي وإن شط الزمان وعز الوصل واستعصى المزار؛

بمقدمهم سعدنا في احتفاء عظيم والإخاء له إطار؛

إلى أن يقول:

إلى الملك التحية فاحملوها مليك بالبنان له يشار؛

هو الشمس التي في كل أرض بها عند الدياجي يستنار؛

وللشعب العزيز عظيم حبي فرغم البعد ليس لنا انشطار؛”

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